The Current Crisis In Egypt And How It Has Affected The Tourism Industry

Egypt is one of the countries in Africa which have enjoyed a stable economy for the past years. The country economy went up from 4.5 to 5 percent in 2009. This years Gross Domestic Product (GDP) is expected to rise up to 6 percent. Both private and public sectors have played a great role in the improvement of the country economy. The current crisis in the cities could deteriorate the good economy of the country.

The protest that began in Egypt in 25th January were the largest demonstrations seen in the country since 1977 Bread Riots. The 6 April Youth Movement organizers had selected this day to coincide with the National Police Day holiday but unfortunately this never took place. People from various social-economic backgrounds and religious groups demonstrated carrying Tunisian flag as a symbol of their influence just a few weeks after Tunisian new Revolution. The protesters complain of legal and political problems which include;

a lack of freedom of speech

b Police brutality

c Lack of free election

d Corruption

e Unemployment

f Low wages

g food price inflation

e state emergency

Protesters wanted President Hosni Mubarak to step down and pave way for a new government that will cater for the rights and the interest of the Egyptian people. President Hosni Mubarak had ruled the country for 30 years together with his government under a state of emergency with a heavy hand. By 29th January, the riots had left over 40 people dead. About 105 protesters and 750 policemen had been injured. Cairo, which the capital city of Egypt including the port city of Suez were the most affected places in the country. Many police vehicles including President Mubarak National Democratic headquarters were burnt down.

Egypt is among the leading tourist destinations in the world especially in the historical attraction in Cairo, Luxor and Aswan. The tourism industry is the major foreign currency earner in the country. Global financial crises has affected many parts of the world including Egypt. For instance, majority of the tourists who come to Egypt are from the European countries and due to reduction in cash flow, tourists have reduced dramatically.

The current crises have played a negative impact on the tourism industry. The peak travel season in Egypt begins Mid-October to May. Tourists who had planned to come here are likely to look for other alternative destinations. The hotel bookings have also reduced dramatically. A part from a decrease in the tourism industry, there will be much poverty in the country. The only solution to the current situation in Egypt is a new reform and an assembly which will allow the Egyptian people to participate and respect their right to freedom of speech.

A Meeting With Horatio Bunce Converts Davy Crockett to a Constitutional Congressman

Anyone who has seen the Disney classic Davy Crockett: King of the Wild Frontier knows that he was a Congressman from Tennessee. After serving a term in Congress Davy Crockett met a man by the name of Horatio Bunce. The story of this meeting, as portrayed in the book, The Life of Colonel David Crockett, by Edward S. Ellis, illustrates two important points in the battle to regain Constitutional law in the American republic.

Davy Crockett rode up to a farmer plowing his field to ask for his vote in the upcoming election. As he began to introduce himself the farmer stopped him short, explaining that he knew who he was, and that he had actually voted for him the last time that he ran for Congress. Mr. Bunce then told him in no uncertain terms that he would never vote for him again.

Crockett was taken aback, as any politician would be, and he asked Mr. Bunce to explain the problem. Horatio explained to him that he would not give his vote to any man who misunderstands or disregards the Constitution. It was obvious to him that one of two were true about Colonel Crockett. He told Davy Crockett that it is more dangerous for a man to misinterpret the power that he is called to observe than for a man to wield power dishonestly, sharing that he believed Colonel Crockett to be an honest man.

Davy Crockett agreed with Horatio Bunce in all he said, but protested that he must be mistaken, because there were no votes in the last session of Congress on any Constitutional issue, that he could recall. Mr. Bunce then reminded Davy Crockett that he had voted to appropriate relief from the treasury to victims of a fire in Georgetown. Crockett admitted that he did, and again protested that he thought that would be the last vote that would cause him any trouble from his constituents.

To this Horatio Bunce asked the Colonel where he found any authority in the Constitution to appropriate money from the general treasury for charitable purposes? Once again the backwoods farmer convinced the Congressman of his error, but again Davey Crockett protested, claiming that the amount was so small and the treasury so full that, if Mr. Bunce, had he been there, he wouldn’t have acted any differently than he himself had acted.

The reply of Horatio Bunce to this is quite enlightening:

“It is not the amount, Colonel, that I complain of; it is the principle…The power of collecting and disbursing money at pleasure is the most dangerous power that can be entrusted to man…No, colonel, Congress has no right to give charity. Individual members may give as much of their own money as they please, but they have no right to touch a dollar of the public money for that purpose.”

Davy Crockett changed his position, and asked forgiveness of Horatio Bunce. This story reveals how far the American government has strayed from the Constitution, exposing the immorality of stealing the people’s money under the guise of charity. But more importantly, this story illustrates the answer to America’s Constitutional woes – The backwoods farmer understood his Constitution and was willing to defend it with the power of his tongue and the power of his vote.

Mapping Midlife – Adultescence?

OK. You've reached 50 now and are reading everywhere that this is a whole new life stage. It's been referred to as a Second Adulthood or Second Act or the Bonus Decades. What does all this mean and why are we having so much trouble making sense of it?

The simplest answer is that our parents and grandparents really never spent any time thinking about how their lives might be different as they aged. The grew up, got married, had children, maybe retired, had grandchildren, and never thought much about how they felt about all of it. They just were . They just did . The Boomers and the tail end of the pre-boomers are different, though. You've spent your whole lives thinking about who you are and about your place in the world. We may need to create new terms – Third Adulthood, maybe – when this group reaches 90, as an increasing number will.

For now, I've decided to call this deep re-thinking at somewhere between 40 and 60 adultescence. Why? Because, as you'll soon see, the similarities to adolescence are so strong.

The two halves of life have different agendas. The first half of life focuses on the development of a personality and building a sense of yourself which is the ego. In other words, as an adolescent, you were focused on being somehow different than the rest of the pack, while somehow still blending in. This might have meant having the shortest skirt or the brightest chartreuse hair or the most ragged jeans. As an adultescent, you want the same thing. This might mean the best cosmetic surgery or the latest trendy car or the best golf clubs.

Adolescence involves differentiation of skills and abilities so you can be all that you can be. You drove everyone crazy with new passions – become a drummer; save the environment; pick the perfect subject as a major; take part in protests; listen to the Stones. The second half of life involves integration or the pulling of all the disparate parts back together to make a unified whole. Actually, nothing has changed. Review the list above. Well, some of the Stones are grayer and the Beatles will never reunite.

Romance is new to adolescents. Countless hours are spent trying to look good. You are trying to figure out how to be a couple. You hang on the phone comparing notes with your friends. Nothing new here for the adultescent either. If you've stayed married, you're trying to figure out how to be as a couple suddenly in the same space at the same time. My aunt used to quote an old truism: I married him for better or for worse, but not for lunch. "If you are suddenly single, you hang on your cell phone or IM, comparing notes with your friends. to look good.

An adolescent's body is changing all the time. Adultescent? Yours is too. Adolescents have blemishes. Adultescents have liver spots. Adolescents have growing pains. Adultescents have joint pain. Both groups are always watching their weight.

Adolescents often are known by their possessions – first car, phone, computer and ipod (alright, so for some of you it was a typewriter and a stereo), trendy clothes. Adultescents are equally busy racking up toys – new sports car or Hummer, cell phone, ipod, Blackberry, laptop.

Adolescents tend to travel in packs. Adolescents think they'll never grow up. And Adultescents? No need to comment.

So, you see, everything old is new again. You survived adolescence. You'll survive this too. You already know how to do this. The biggest difference is that you finally can do it all over again knowing what you know now. Have no regrets – move forward bravely. You can become a whole different second adult than the person you were as a first adult, or you can be exactly the same but richer, deeper and happier.

Enjoy the ride!

Why Do People Like To Travel?

“Travel, in the younger sort, is a part of education; in the elder, a part of experience.” – Francis Bacon

“To awaken quite alone in a strange town is one of the pleasantest sensations in the world.” – Freya Stark

Is there a reason why people like to travel? Even if it involves spending money and takes a major chunk of their valuable time? Definitely, the benefits should be more. In this article we will take a look on why people like to travel around either the globe or to a new destination near their place of residence.

In recent times, we, humans have more or less, become workaholics. Every action we do is almost the same, in other words, calculated. We rise, do our chores, go to work, spend nearly more than half of the day in work and travel, mix rarely with family members. The same process. Every day. Our body protests, the mind gets ready to scream. That is when we think of travel.

Travel to a new place just gives you a sense of delight and new sceneries. When you go with your family, the bonding gets stronger and you go outside your own set of limitations, and the comfort zone goes for a toss.

When you go to a new country, the brain and body gets activated to the fullest, as you may not know the language, but will find the way round a busy city to your favourite tourist spots.

A trip to a new place, and you will rarely know the challenges thrown at you. When you get back to your old place, a sense of satisfaction creeps in the mind because of the journey’s success. You also get to know your capabilities and weaknesses.

“The World is a book, and those who do not travel read only a page.” – Saint Augustine

Benefits of Travel

Meeting new people and reacting as per their traditions is a challenge. When you go back, you have acquired a new skill.

In short, a travel trip gives you what a regular routine does not. Good scenery, new friends or people, pollution-free environment, and the most important of all – peaceful sleep and rest.

For workaholics, a trip is good both mentally as well physically. If you are one, you escape from the monotonous work and look at life with a new face.

“In both business and personal life, I’ve always found that travel inspires me more than anything else I do. Evidence of the languages, cultures, scenery, food, and design sensibilities that I discover all over the world can be found in every piece of my jewelry.” – Ivanka Trump

Foodie

If you are a foodie, no doubt, you will enjoy traveling to other places. When you go to a new place, you find new recipes, new delicacies and new drinks that you can never get in your place although the world has become global. Asia can be described as one of the best places to try new eccentric dishes.

Learning

You can learn a new skill or get new knowledge in a trip. When you are on your own, in a completely different culture, you get the best experience. Your view of humanity gets broader as you get to know that life can be viewed in multiple dimensions.

If you are a person with a creative job profile, a trip to a new destination can give you fresh ideas and notions.

Knowledge Of The Self

“Travel is more than the seeing of sights; it is a change that goes on, deep and permanent, in the ideas of living.” – Miriam Beard

In a new environment, if you are all alone by yourself, you can connect to your SELF. Your mind will be stuck in a rut with the same relationships, friendships, and you will wear various masks.

“Travel and change of place impart new vigor to the mind.”- Seneca

Family is Family and Home Food Is Food

If you have come from a long and hazardous trip with every cell crying for rest and relief from pain, then you will understand the importance of family. And there is no food which can be better than Mother’s or spouse’s.

Building Relationships

When you go with your spouse, the work and family demands will be none and you can bond together. A new place can reignite the sparks of love that has remained buried amidst the fulfillments of the world.

A trip can be a reason for celebration for a special event like birthday or anniversary. Or, when you life goes for a positive change – wedding.

A once-in-a-while occasion can be celebrated in a special way if you are at a new place, where every wish of yours is fulfilled. It can be the best way to have a family reunion and mark the happy moments forever.

With friends? A trip will bring back pleasant memories of the past; such as, when the friendship began and how it survived the test of time.

So what are you waiting for? Pack your bags to rejuvenate your life.

What Are Some Challenges Faced By BPO Firms?

BPO firms find their establishment in concentration in the developing countries rather than in the developed countries. For any company that wants to excel in the market, the base is always the BPOs that garner a connection between the company and its customers through effective communication. If one is unaware what BPO stands for then it will be better to know that it means Business Process Outsourcing. Some of the countries that are competing to get a stand in the BPO market are Malaysia, India, Philippines, China, and Mexico. Countries like Guatemala, Puerto Rico and El Salvador are gaining importance. These countries face some challenges in order to execute business. Some of the challenges that the industry faces are as follows:

Changing Political Scenarios

The BPO industry can greatly get affected by the political scenario of the region they are located in. Outsourcing to other countries also is prevented by the governments passing certain bills. Falling economies, wars, citizen protests can be a significant reason for the matter. The BPO companies can get majorly affected by this.

Frequent Disruptions

Poor internet connections, power outrage frequently and call traffic management have taken a major toll on the BPO firms. As they have to operate business 24 * 7, a little of disruption can mean a great loss to the business.

Lack of Talented Workforce

Most of the countries face difficulty in finding the right skilled people. Of the total number of graduates passing every year, only a meager percentage of the graduates are able to qualify for the positions.

Growth of Opposition against Outsourcing

The BPO sectors in one country are being opposed by some other country. Take for example the BPO industry of India which is at the hand of opposition from the US politicians and UK labor unions. These developed countries feel that the operations of BPO should not be shifted to developing countries like India. They are more interested in keeping the jobs in their own country for providing jobs to the citizens.

High Attrition Rates

Attrition causes a lot of loss in the talent and incurring significant losses in training the employees. In countries like India, the attrition rate is much more than the UK based BPO firms. This is because the employee in India does not stay more than 11 months but UK employees a minimum of 3 years to change their job. The high attrition rate in India is mainly because of monotonous nature of the job, high-stress level, change in lifestyle, lack of growth in the career, etc. but once the BPO gets stabilized the attrition rate is expected to come down.

New Entrants in the Industry

Earlier there were just a handful of countries that operated the global BPO business. Now, more and more countries like Canada, China, and Malaysia are trying to gain a foothold in the BPO sector. So, such countries need to provide unmatched skilled professionals that can take care of the business. Also, a better infrastructure will be a hands-on advantage.

Brand Equity

Building of brand is an important task of the BPO firms. The HR professionals have an important role to play in this part by providing adequate training and good working environment. Even if the employees are leaving the company they would become the brand ambassador for the firms. If the employees leave unsatisfied, this will lead to decreasing equity with negative reviews.

Health Concerns

Most companies are located in regions having different time zones. Hence there is a bright chance that the employees have to work all day long. This can be a cause a major health issue which drastically leads to the reduction in the efficiency of the employees.

Exceeding Customer Expectations

The main criteria of all BPOs should be to provide the customers with complete satisfaction. Due to several social media channels, the expectation of the customers is rapidly increasing. They are becoming a sphere of a tough challenge to the BPO firms.

All these are some of the tough challenges that a BPO firm of now is facing. Where on the one hand they are giving tough competition, on the other hand, learning to deal with them quickly can make a company see rapid success. So, it is the responsibility of companies to find out a solution that will be meaningful to their work.

Illegal Immigration and the Quick Fix

Lord knows we must do something with the immigration issues and these problems along with all the protests are not going to go away anytime soon. Indeed the debate is heating up and getting quit fierce. So here is my idea;

Allow anybody who wants so to come to the United States to get free hotel rooms for one month until the taxpayers can buy them a house. Give them all of the free healthcare checkups and do not make the poor darlings walk through the desert. We are a wealthy nation we can pick them up in Limos, air-conditioned buses and airliners at the nearest big airport and they can choose where they want to go and which gated community they wish to live in.

As the percentage of illegal immigration increases make mandatory representation by percentage in Congress and why don’t we have an illegal alien President too, I mean that is really unfair, we are such bigots I swear; those poor darlings. We need to send all their children to the finest schools and give them the largest SUVs so they can take their kids around and let’s also pay for the gasoline I mean that really would be the right thing to do. And one lady said we should give them a yacht, I agree but give them two free yachts one on each coast.

We must be fair to those who have so little and are just trying to make a life in their new country and since they have no country, shouldn’t we reach out and give them ours? Consider all this in 2006.

The Unthankful Employee Syndrome

Should there be a list of employees who’ve walked off the job in a heated rage, flash-strike, or part of a protest demonstration? If such a list existed would left-leaning folks cry foul claiming it was employment discrimination? I bet they might try to prove that in a court of law to get some case law onto the books for future lawsuits, but ask yourself this; isn’t it fair that employee hires tell an employer that even if them, they might walk off the job in a huff for virtually any reason sometime in the future leaving customers high and dry and threatening the company’s brand name? Let’s talk shall we?

You see, there was a troubling article on MSNBC Money online news recently titled; “Mass resignation at Journeys reflects mall troubles – Employees at a store in New York quit at the same time and call out their manager online. That’s a particularly tough loss when malls are dying and employing fewer young workers than ever,” by Jason Notte which was published on September 4, 2013.

So basically, a large number of employees got up and walked out all at the same time from a multitude of stores, apparently to make a statement. I see this as a bunch of unthankful employees at a time with others would like to have those jobs. What about responsibility? What about doing what you promised? When these employees were chosen from a group of others looking for work, they promised to work hard, show up on time, and that they wouldn’t let down the company. That’s basically the verbal contract that every hired employee makes – but in this case – it was a lie.

Either those employees lied when they were hired, or they got caught up in the hype of the media and left-wing unionized propaganda and protests. Because of this, I believe the companies ought to have them come back to work, promise them whatever they demand, and then fire them as soon as they can replace them, and renege on the promises for more benefits or higher pay they made. You might think that is criminal. But I see it as justice, eye for an eye.

Why should employees who renege on their employment contracts be allowed to get away with this? Who told them that this was acceptable behavior – because trust me – it’s not. Why a double set of standards in our laws, why do the unions and employees have the upper hand with regulations, rules, laws, courts, and the media – it’s not right. Please consider all this and think on it.

Norton WiFi Security Review – A Look at the Subscription Options, System Requirements, and Benefits

Whether you’re on your phone or computer, you should always use a VPN service to protect your data while it’s being transmitted. One of the best ways to get this kind of protection is with Norton WiFi Security / Privacy software. It encrypts the data you send out and receive when using either public Wi-Fi or your own, protecting you from hackers and nosy ISPs.

Get protection for one device, 5 devices, or 10 devices. If you travel a lot, you’ll at least need Wi-Fi privacy for your smartphone and laptop and/or tablet. Many people want a VPN for their own home wireless network as well so they won’t have to put up with ads and can browse discreetly without their ISP keeping logs. You’re still not guaranteed this kind of privacy even if you normally browse in incognito mode. Your IPS can still view what you are doing and there are always ads to deal with.

At unsecured public hotspots, information can be intercepted by hackers as soon as it leaves your device. Norton WiFI Security ensures that all of the information you send and receive is unreadable. You can do banking, shopping, email, social media, and regular browsing without worrying about your details being compromised.

A lot of users in the US want to use VPN services to prevent their ISPs from selling their browsing histories. Congress has recently made this possible again despite protests. Those who value their privacy will always want to keep their IP address and identity anonymous while using the internet.

Benefits of Using Norton WiFi Security and Protection

• It features an ad blocker.

• The connection engine is OpenVPN powered

• It’s easy to use on mobile devices and desktops

• It allows users to access content faster

• Ad trackers are blocked

• There is a money back guarantee

System requirements

This service is available for Windows PCs, Android, iOS, and Macs. Those with a subscription will get unlimited use on the 1, 5, or 10 devices for which they purchase the subscription. All versions of Windows 8, 8.1, and 10 are compatible. All versions of Windows 7 with Service Pack 1 or later are compatible. Mac users need the current version or previous two versions of Mac OS X. The same with iPad or iPhone users (current / previous two versions of Apple iOS). Android users need 4.1 or later.

If you need a VPN for any personal or business reason, Norton WiFi Security is a good place to start.

Start looking over the subscription options and deciding which one would be right for your needs. Use Norton WiFi Security coupon codes to get a nice deal on your order. Always shop online for Norton discounts.

Green Building – The Future of Building

Industrialization has been coupled with increasing harmful effects to the environment in the past. Call for changes were extended, beginning from set-up protests up to constitutional enactments. Several bodies agree to it, and one of them was the construction industry where practices have shifted to come up with green modular buildings.

Green Modular Buildings

Buildings which meet all the three basic requirements or has the basic benefits like

  1. Efficiency – They use the materials in a far better efficient manner than the prevailing construction practices. A United Kingdom based Water & Resource Programme has found that manufacturing outside the site or offsite helps in reducing the waste by 90% because it limits the use packaging materials such as wood pallets, cardboard, concrete, shrink wrap.
  2. Health – New construction projects mainly the large scale projects have an adverse impact on the environmental air quality. Meanwhile modular construction uses air quality controls inside the building so that it prevents the waste from entering the environment.
  3. Durability – Quality control is a consistent feature of modular buildings. They are designed to meet specific requirements in the best possible manner with the best fit and finish of materials.

Defining Green Building

This innovation is defined as the adaptation of a certain building or structure to a resource-efficient and responsible environment scheme. To further comprehend what does green building mean, the understanding of what fixtures or materials generate higher energy loss has to be established so that alternatives are considered and eventually implemented. This is also the same reason why it is alternatively called sustainable buildings.

Generally, plumbing, electrical, and HVAC systems are the main contributors in ensuring this is attained as they are highly responsible to the energy savings that any building will eventually attain. Nevertheless, this has to be coordinated with other disciplines so that they can pattern their methodologies to match with the requirements a guideline set forth to come up with the desired sustainability. A group of professional engineers and architects that specializes in sustainable building designs is best sought to fully optimize all of this as early as the detailed design period.

Sustainable Building Design

Sustainable design practices are to completely avoid or decrease, diminution of critical resources like water, energy, and raw materials; and also to prevent dreadful situations caused by facilities and infrastructure all along their life period; and create built environments that are livable, comfortable, safe, and productive. A group of professional engineers and architects that specializes in sustainable building designs is best sought to fully optimize all of this as early as the detailed design period.

Undertaken Steps to Assure Sustainable Building Designs

By virtue, the assurance that sustainable designs are laid out in the plans and specifications is not the only measuring stick to satisfy green building standards. It has to be reflected in the construction methodologies, practices, and in the operational and maintenance of the building itself. When necessary, it has to be implemented as well during renovation or demolition works. The best way to ensure that all undertakings would adhere to the codes and standards set forth would be through as follows:

  1. Require green building certifications coming from LEED or from any equivalent organization that recognizes professionals demonstrating capability and knowledge in addressing practices that are contrary to the established codes and standards on material resources and energy efficiency.
  2. Invest on an environmental impact to determine the potential threats that your proposed structure would entail to its surroundings. This has to be coordinated with the local environmental agency later on to receive permitting and approval to execute construction.
  3. The selection of a contractor is recommended to undergo regular bidding procedures for proper screening. Prior to the activities, the bidding documents has to indicate that only those that profess to be green construction companies would be entertained as one of the restricting guidelines for selection.
  4. During the bidding process, the produced design drawings and standard specifications should be passed on to a group of construction companies that expressed interest in participating in a bidding to qualify for the implementation of the proposed building or structure. This will lead to the formation of several technical proposals that shows various construction methodologies and practices that would be implemented to attend to the building requirements. The one that provides the more adequate and fitting practices is recommended for final selection.
  5. The process doesn’t stop here however as the possibility that some of the initially proposed design schemes would not be attained due to difference in the actual site conditions is imminent. The best practice to address this matter is by introducing an independent construction manager capable on deciding alternative approaches during these cases. This move can be rendered optional due to the additional expenses it entails, but it manages to assure continuous compliance to whatsoever green and sustainable building construction standards were set forth.
  6. Some of the operation and maintenance obligations do not rest on the shoulder of the designer nor the contractor as the end-users would most likely encounter wearing and tearing issues later on. To assist them, guidelines and manuals on how maintenance workarounds are done should be provided prior to turnover activities.

The Look Ahead: Green Building in the Future

With this kind of practice continually implemented, green building energy efficiency solutions would definitely become a practice in the near future. Some homeowners are beginning to be convinced with the results and are looking on the possibility that the same practices be integrated into their properties. The call for economic and sustainable residential designs would become very inevitable and highly demanded later on.

Can Crying Hurt My Child? Important Information!

Have you ever wondered whether or not you are being a neglectful parent if you do not immediately attend to your child’s crying? It’s a fair question after all. I bet there are times when you feel convinced that your little one is manipulating you? The problem is knowing if your little one really needs your love and attention or if you should leave them to “Cry It Out” for a while.

If you identify with this scenario, then I know exactly how you feel. I used to suffer from this exact type of dilemma myself. In fact, my husband and I had many disagreements on the best way to deal with the protests of our first child. When I use the word protest, I am somewhat understating Oliver’s heart rending wailing.

One of things that I used to worry about was whether I was actually creating long lasting insecurities by not going straight to him. Worse still if you are anything like me, you may have wondered whether crying can actually cause physical harm.

Unfortunately, it is very difficult to answer these questions with a degree of surety as there are so many factors that can influence the development of your child. There are however two critical facts that you should consider carefully.

Important Physiological Facts

1) According to studies (Levesque et al, 2000; Luddington-Hoe et al, 2002), crying is physiologically stressful to a baby. Crying increases a baby’s blood pressure, heart rate, and cortisol levels.

2) Current research suggests that it is highly likely that environmental factors can have a direct effect on the biology of the brain. The human cerebral cortex adds a high percentage of its final DNA content after birth and it is quite possible that elevated stress hormones will have a negative effect on this development.

If you take these facts into consideration and combine them with the fact that, across the world, most cultures do not separate infants from their mothers, there are good reasons to not to leave your child to cry for long periods of time.

There is one other critical point that I would like to make and it is this. There are gentle, yet equally effective alternatives to “Cry It Out” type methods. These methods do not assume that the only reason that a child resists sleep is because of an inability to self-soothe.

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