Due to the lack of rainfall in China, both due to an even annual weather patterns, and also due to the blowing wind and moving desert; desertification, is something that China has to deal with. As the city of Beijing expands so too is the desert expanding. If everyone left tomorrow, Beijing, or at least all the street level would be buried in sand from the encroaching desert within 5-years.
Will China have to keep building giant walls to keep the sand out? What is China going to do about this real problem that they have? Many believe that part of the problem has to do with pollution, that their CO2 is decreasing the rain fall by a few inches each year, and this is a huge hit for farmers trying to grow rice, wheat, and other crops. They need the water. Industry also needs the water, and the people need water to drink and the cities.
Less water means more concentrated pollution, which is already a problem for China. The huge deluge of water which comes from Typhoon season comes far too quickly and too large amounts to fit all the needs, and their water retention basins. We have a similar problem in the United States in many regions.
However, if you throw in desertification, pollution, and lack of rainfall altogether, you are spelling a real problem for disease, famine, and crop failure. That, along with polluted drinking water, and you have an unlivable civilization with 1.3 billion people in it. This is a humanitarian disaster of the highest proportions. Where are 1.3 billion people going to go exactly? Please consider all this.

