The latest fad, gadget or gizmo is not the basis for controlling crime. Or, the coolest technique used in some gee-whiz crime drama. Policing communities cannot be driven by polls, ratings or media sensationalism. We cannot address neighborhood crime problems by believing in myth, magic or metaphor. And, techno wizardry is only a small portion of the crime fighting picture. There is no doubt that gadgets and gizmos are important. But, techno-savvy policing, in the real world, is only as good as the cops that have the know how. Crime control strategies boil down to effective and efficient police work. This means the cop on the street or in the jail facility. The man or woman on the front lines, he or she are the people who really count. Effective police work requires competent police officers. To get them, you need high standards, effective recruitment and exemplary training. Once on the job, they need sufficient funding, resources and leadership. After that, the criminal justice continuum relies on inter-agency cooperation and coordination. Within that framework, cops hope there is a huge amount of competence and aggressive dedication on the part of prosecutors and judges. For some officers, that is a lot of wishful thinking. But, aside from politics, fighting crime means responding to the crime with an array of tactical and technical weaponry. Once into the process, identifying the criminal transforms the mission. Ultimately, putting a stop to his or her behavior, by sure and swift means, becomes the goal. Unfortunately, the goal is tainted by misguided perceptions.

Sad but true, we are deceived by our own fantasies. In the process of crime fighting, the entertainment media pursues a relentless quest of myth and magic. Supported by career minded politicians, metaphor becomes the expression of making the myth and magic appear real. Reality is blurred and merged with symbolism over substance. Misleading the public has potentially adverse consequences as it applies to the law enforcement function. People come to believe that policing is magic. And, psychics, profilers and crime solving gurus leap into action to protect us from the forces of evil. By the legerdemain of such antics, all our criminal behavior problems are solved. Sleight of hand skill has become more effective in the modern information age. The American public relies heavily on the airways for all sorts of information. Many people shape their beliefs by what they see and hear from the various media services. From movies to news reporting, the public often assumes the information they receive is based on fact not fiction. We are inundated every day by all sorts of tactics and techniques. Yet, information is transmitted for entertainment purposes, not for educational enlightenment. Lies, myths, and misconceptions become part of a process of changing our reality into sound bites, or staged story scenes. The dividing line between entertainment and news merges with mass marketing and salesmanship. Using those outlets for mass dissemination, politicians, activists and retailers perform clever tricks of the trade to misinform and manipulate. Entertainment comes across as a disguise for sensationalism. Ratings and polls become the barometric pressure of success or failure in an arena of mass media competition.

Law enforcement does not escape the bombardment of media and politics. Often it seems we are deceived by good intentions masquerading as myth, magic and metaphor. Again, looking good, for bureaucrats, the media and politicians, is better than actually being good. Subsequently, our systems of justice falter. Sure and swift prosecution, conviction and punitive retribution fail to reinforce the hard work done by the police work. So, if we are going to have an effective and efficient approach to crime control, then we are going to have to face reality. First, we have to find it. Second, we have to read between the lines by separating the pages where myth and reality merge. Third, we have to be on guard against an over-zealous media, sensational movie productions and career minded politicians. We also have to focus on recruiting, training and educating the best and the brightest law enforcement officers possible. Once on the job, then we have to give them every possible resource available. In the meantime, we try to find exceptional leaders to lead them. In addition, controlling criminal behavior requires that we look at ourselves. From politics to the corporate boardroom, criminal behavior permeates every level of society. Criminals are no different from the rest of us. In fact, they are us.

At the local level, the need for exceptional training for law enforcement personnel is essential. Officers must be highly skilled, educated and well-trained to deal with deviant anti-social behaviors. Crime, and the deviant behavior that goes with it, is typically a local government problem. As a local community issue, the police have to rely on the competence of local politicians. No doubt, a scary thought. Elected officials on city councils, county commissions on so on, decide the budgetary processes. In many cases, local law enforcement relies on low pay and benefits, limited material resources and ongoing shortages of qualified personnel. Such limitations strain police services. Many of the problems concern growth management issues. Growth management problems stem from political decisions. Criminals can easily figure out how this works. The more you grow the more material gain there is. And, if, while growing, you fail to plan for the public service infrastructure, the more there is to steal. In simple terms, budget constraints equal fewer cops and equipment, because that means more taxes to meet growth demands. Fewer cops and equipment mean fewer personnel for street or jail duty. For the criminal, mismanaged community growth and fewer cops mean more opportunities to find vulnerable targets to express criminal behavior. Urbanization of the community, with sprawling shopping centers, miles of highways and endless housing developments invite criminogenic problems. That is because more property and more people provide more targets of opportunity.

As communities get larger, with strained public service resources, the local criminal justice system bogs down. Crime control strategies become a matter of survival. In the confusion, we forget the basic reason people commit crimes. People commit crimes because they want to and what they want someone else has. There is no complicated formula, fad or fashion statement to be made about this. Criminals believe in only what they need or desire from others. Their relationships are based on what they can get. People who deviate from accepted forms know the “system” will not move fast enough to interdict. They can rely on politicians to provide “equal opportunity” environments for them.

Police services must be fully staffed and supported with professionals who expertly execute the mission of police work. In this regard, high standards and exception pay and benefits must be in place. In addition, every scientific and technological method must be provided to local law enforcement. High quality personnel and equipment must be deployed in the local community. When a major incident occurs, usually the “first responders” are the local police officers. They are the ones who bear the primary responsibility of dealing with crimes, criminals and crime scenes. Cops need to have all the necessary resources available to them all the time. The police mission includes the necessity of control of crime. Law enforcement operations are directed toward tactical and strategic considerations. To enhance the safety and security of the community, aggressive patrol operations are necessary. The police mission comes to bear on hardening the targets of potential criminality by early interdiction. Quick decisive patrol actions provide a degree of deterrence with respect to criminal activity. The “crime fighting model” of law enforcement, or sometimes called the “crime control model”, gives emphasis to efficiency, effectiveness, detection and prevention of criminal behavior. Within this rubric there is no room for myth, magic and metaphor.

Crime control is not the total responsibility of the police. The police are paid “professionals” who assume a certain level of accountability for dealing with criminal activity. It is primarily the responsibility of each citizen to be knowledgeable and involved the crime solution and prevention process. Citizens need to support their police in every way possible, from funding to recruitment. Adequate staffing is one way to ensure community efforts are directed toward the safety and security of the community. The prevention of crime, detection of criminal activity, and control of deviant behavior become successful through cooperative efforts. The patrol force is the key mechanism by which the community deals with crime control efforts. No other aspect of law enforcement is more important or more critical than patrol operations. Patrol is the “striking force” that is designed deal with criminal behavior. In every sense of the word, patrol is the “backbone” of law enforcement. Aggressive patrol operations are essential to community safety, security and welfare. With this endeavor, crime control strategies require education, training, skill, practical knowledge and experience among the practitioners.

To control crime, a complete overhaul in thinking is required. We have to stop blurring the reality between the real and the reel. Criminals are just like us. They commit crimes because that is what they want to do. Controlling crime, means controlling ourselves. Designing communities with that in mind directs us toward removing opportunities for crimes to occur. To ensure the inclusion of proper safeguards and preventive measures, adequate numbers of well-trained officers must be available. In addition, enforcement cannot be stifled by political influence. Everyone must be treated with equal standing regardless of who they are, or who they know. Myth should be left to the realm of philosophy. Magic should stay in the circus. And, metaphor should remain within the bounds of great literature. So, as a community let’s stop the sensationalism and start the seriousness. Crime can be controlled.

References

http://www.radfordreviews.com/cgi-bin/about.cgi from the book by Benjamin Radford, Media Myth Makers, Prometheus Books, 2003;

[http://www.rppi.org/newurbancrime.shtml]

http://members.cox.net/samenow/conceptapril_06.html

Jeffery, C. R. Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design, (Beverly Hills, CA: Sage Publications, 1971), page 54;

Computer crime refers to criminal activity involving a computer. The computer may be used in the commission of a crime or it may be the target. Net-crime refers to criminal use of the Internet. Cyber-crimes are essentially a combination of these two elements and can be best defined as “Offences that are committed against individuals or groups of individuals with a criminal motive to intentionally harm the reputation of the victim or cause physical or mental harm to the victim directly or indirectly using modern telecommunication networks such as the Internet (Chat rooms, emails, notice boards and groups) and mobile phones (SMS/MMS)”. [1]

In its most simple form, cyber-crime can be defined as any illegal activity that uses a computer as its primary means of function. The U.S. Department of Justice broadens this definition to include any illegal activity that uses a computer for the storage of evidence. The term ‘cyber-crime’ can refer to offenses including criminal activity against data, infringement of content and copyright, fraud, unauthorized access, child pornography and cyber-stalking.

The United Nations Manual on the Prevention and Control of Computer Related Crime includes fraud, forgery and unauthorized access in its definition of cyber-crime. Cyber-crime in effect covers a wide range of attacks on individuals and organisations alike. These crimes may include anything from an individual’s emotional or financial state to a nation’s security.

There are two main categories that define the make up of cyber-crimes. Firstly those that target computer networks or devices such as viruses, malware, or denial of service attacks. The second category relate to crimes that are facilitated by computer networks or devices like cyber-stalking, fraud, identity-theft, extortion, phishing (spam) and theft of classified information.

In order to highlight the scale of cyber-crime globally, the Norton Cyber-crime Report 2011 revealed 431 million adults in 24 countries had been victims’ of cyber-crime in that year. Computer based crime is escalating at an alarming rate. In the report Norton calculated the financial cost of global cyber-crime at $388 billion. This is more than the combined international market for marijuana, heroin and cocaine, estimated at $288 billion. Assuming its current growth rate continues, cyber-crime will soon surpass the entire global drug trafficking market that is estimated to be worth $411 billion annually.

Cyber-crimes have expanded to include activities that cross international borders and can now be considered a global epidemic. The international legal system ensures cyber criminals are held accountable through the International Criminal Court. Law enforcement agencies are faced with unique challenges and the anonymity of the Internet only complicates the issues. There are problems with gathering evidence, cross-jurisdictional issues and miscommunication related to reporting.

It is widely known that victims of Internet crimes are often reluctant to report an offence to authorities. In some cases the individual or organization may not even be aware a crime has been committed. Even though facilities for reporting incidents of cyber-crime have improved in recent years many victims remain reluctant due essentially to embarrassment.

International cooperation is essential if an effective response is to be found against global cyber-crime. No nation can expect to effectively combat the issue alone. Many computer based crimes are initiated ‘off-shore’ and this presents enormous challenges to any nations law enforcement agencies. It is critical that agencies from around the world formulate actionable plans to detect, follow, arrest and prosecute cyber criminals.

For example, in the past two years Australia has adopted the National Criminal Intelligence Fusion Capability, a key element of the Commonwealth Organized Crime Strategic Framework (COCSF). This body brings together expertise, data and technology across a range of government and law enforcement agencies and enables international collaboration.

The problem of cyber-crime seems almost immeasurable in size. Looking at recent trends and advances in mobile technology and cloud computing we realize it is an ever-evolving and rapidly changing dynamic. There is growing evidence globally of newly formed partnerships between government and industry aimed at prevention. These partnerships create opportunities to share information and bolster law enforcement response to organized Internet-based crime.

This sharing of information creates concerns in its self. It is an extremely complex and sensitive issue. A balance must be found in efficiently maximizing distribution of information and protecting it from the organized cyber-criminal element.

Cyber-crime covers such a broad scope of criminal enterprise. The examples mentioned above are only a few of the thousands of variants of illegal activities commonly classed as cyber-crimes. Computers and the Internet have improved our lives in many ways, unfortunately criminals now make use of these technologies to the detriment of society.

[1] Halder, D., & Jaishankar, K. (2011) Cyber crime and the Victimization of Women: Laws, Rights and Regulations. Hershey PA, USA: IGI Global. ISBN: 978-1-60960-830-9

In my role as a Security Consultant, I have been on countless appointments at companies that do not have a comprehensive key management plan in place. It’s not really that uncommon of a problem and it can quickly get out of control.

Almost every home and office is secured with a lock and a key. Most people have a key chain to help them keep track of these important symbols of modern society. House keys, office keys, garage keys and several car keys usually rattle around in most people’s pockets or purses.

Even though lock and key mechanisms incorporate many modern security features they are still susceptible to being lost, stolen or copied. Another inherent weakness in lock and keys is that anyone with a key can enter your building any time they want.

Each year, companies spend hundreds of thousands of dollars re-keying buildings because someone lost a set of keys or an employee was fired who did not return a set of building keys?

Do you know how many grand master keys have been issued in your building? Can you reasonably say with confidence that none of your keys have been copied by less than ethical employees? Do you have employee’s entering your office at odd hours? Has your building ever been left unlocked?

If you have experienced any of the preceding issues, perhaps and Electronic Access Control System is the “key”. An Electronic Access Control System can provide you with an effective solution to your key management nightmare while providing a very potent tool in your overall security management plan.

Take back those keys! A properly deployed electronic access control system will allow you to secure your facility and deter crimes by limiting access to authorized personnel and separating public from private areas.

The capabilities of electronic access control systems vary greatly. They range from single door stand alone systems that you program through a keypad, to medium sized computer based systems, to the top of the line “enterprise” systems that have the ability to communicate control thousands of card readers on multiple continents.

Electronic Access Control Systems have some very basic things in common. Each of them will allow you to control who goes where and when in your facility by requiring the presentation of a unique credential at a Card Reader or a PIN pad and they can be set up to provide you with a report of who has entered your building.

There are several manufacturers that provide 1 to 4 door solutions that are programmed through a keypad or a remote software package. Some of the higher end burglar alarm systems can also control access on up to 4 doors.

These smaller systems provide fully controlled access to individuals based on the door, the date and the time. Some of them allow you to hook up a form feed dot matrix printer directly to the controller in order to get reports. Most of these systems are limited to less than 4 doors and a couple of hundred users/credentials.

Many people who use the 1-4 door systems will usually program cards to work 24 hours a day because it can be difficult and time consuming to manage multiple time groups or limit an individual’s access.

That’s not to say that you cannot provide full date and time limited access control with a 1-4 door system, but if your application requires periodic updates and multiple users, you may want to consider a more sophisticated solution. A good application for a 1-4 door system would be a remotely managed multi-tenant building without an on site manager.

Lower to mid range P.C. based solutions can be provided that control access on 1 to 32 doors of access. Systems in this range can provide controlled access to several thousand users. They are a good choice if your intention is to allow keyless entry on a limited number of doors at a single site and run some limited reports.

Most electronic access systems in the low to mid range are Windows based software applications that use MSDE or other off the shelf database software; therefore the reporting features are fairly limited.

In addition, the low to mid range systems have limited abilities to monitor alarms, provide video badging, integrate with 3rd party databases or interface with other systems such as CCTV or Burglar Alarms.

There are literally dozens of manufacturers flooding the small to mid range market and their offerings vary greatly. You would be wise to perform some due diligence and ask for local references from any vendor that you may be considering.

Enterprise Level Access Control Systems occupy the top tier of entry control systems. There are only a handful of manufacturers that can truly call themselves an “Enterprise Level” solution. These highly sophisticated systems are true security management systems that can easily and effectively handle thousands of card readers, hundreds of thousands of cards, and a multitude of workstations spread all across the globe.

An Enterprise Level Solution has integrated single point of entry video badging, seamless integration to CCTV systems and Digital Video Recorders, true real time alarm handling with live on line graphics pages and full blown database solutions like SQL Server or Oracle.

Enterprise Level Access Control systems utilize door processing units or access control panels that can communicate via RS422/485 and TCP/IP Protocol. Enterprise Level Systems are only sold through factory trained and authorized systems integrators who have a proven track record and fully staffed service departments.

If you need an Enterprise Level Access Control System, I highly recommend that you perform your due diligence on both the manufacturer and the security companies that you are considering. Make sure that you choose a reputable Security Company or a Systems Integrator that has a strong computer networking background to perform and support the installation. Ask for several references of projects of a similar size and scope from both the manufacturer and the Systems Integrator. Interview each reference thoroughly before you make a purchasing decision.

You will thank me later!

Cyber crime has been on the upward spiral and has seen many people fall for the belief that they might be just helpless victims, always on the receiving end of the cyber criminals. This is not entirely true and there are measures which will be important towards making sure that cyber criminals do not get the better of us by stealing or destroying information at will. It is often reported that in order that we always keep ahead of the cyber criminals and all other acts of cyber crime, we have to think like the cyber criminal. By understanding their way of doing things and the psychology behind their activities, we can employ measures to protect our computers and devices as well as any data carried in them.

Anybody can become a victim of cyber crime and there attacks can be reported across all ages of internet users. This begins with children both at home and in school especially now that internet access has become expanded and is possible through a host of devices like the PCs, the iPads, tablets and the smartphones. These many ways of accessing the internet also mean that adults and children alike are all most likely to fall victim to cyber crime. The reality of cyber crime is that a big majority of people can admit to having fallen victim to various acts of cyber crime while online.

Looking at the statistics from the cyber crime report done by Norton, cyber crime has a total global cost estimated at USD 388 billion. This is a figure arrived at from a combination of the hard costs and the time spent Kaspersky Lab reported that for 2012 now almost coming to an end, they were able to detect an average two hundred thousand threats everyday showing that cyber crime has been on the rise.

The big question for all people should be how are we accessing the internet and what measures do we have in place to deal with the menace that cyber crime has become. Even with the knowledge that cyber crime exists and every session spent online predisposes us to the risk of falling victim to the different acts of crime. One disheartening fact is that even with the awareness on the existent threats; many individuals are apathetic to using security applications and programs to care of their online security. It is estimated that a good number of individuals will use their PCs and their mobile devices to access the internet without any security program of security application.

The most common cyber threats are the malware with special mention to computer virus, worms and Trojans. Other major forms of cyber threats are the online scam and the phishing attacks. These kinds of attacks are not only restricted to personal computers but are now seen with increasing frequency on mobile devices which include the smartphones and the tablets. These mobile devices have allowed people to have access to the internet in a very flexible manner. We therefore see many more people using their mobile phones or their tablets to browse and carry out other of their activities online. Thus the mobile devices are not exempt from the attacks and as seen this year, malware and other threats have grown tremendously especially on the android platform.

The most relevant piece of advice to all internet users is that irrespective of their activities online; be it socializing, banking, shopping, selling, they should always be on the defensive employing tips to keep away thieves, criminals and even cyber stalkers. Most of the devices we use today offer us convenience and carry professional resources, but they are a gateway to our personal information and our daily activities. These are perhaps just what cyber criminals will be after when they plan their devious plans to reach these pieces of data.

The most important steps to take are having safety precautions both for the personal computer and the mobile devices. Additionally, caution when online is advised such as revealing only necessary information and avoiding clicking on unknown links. Have good passwords for your online accounts and finally back up all of your data. This way we at an individual capacity will have drastically cut down on the chances of falling victim to cyber crime.

According to the National Crime Prevention Council, 25% of all shoplifters (approximately 27 million) are between the ages of 13 and 17 (that’s 6,750,000 kids). As parents, we tend to focus on issues such as drugs, alcohol, sex, gambling etc. Shoplifting is often overlooked as a serious problem.

The Ethics of American Youth – 2008 Summary published by The Josephson Institute of Ethics reports that one in three boys and one in four girls admitted to stealing from a store in the past year. This is an increase from 28% in the 2006 survey to 30% in the 2008 survey.  Could “the one” be your child?

Why should you be concerned if your child shoplifts? The consequences of shoplifting are more serious than most people realize. 

• Shoplifting is a gateway crime – 30% of prison inmates say they started out their life of crime as shoplifters.
• Shoplifting can become a lifelong problem – 55% of adult shoplifters say they started shoplifting in their teens.
• Some universities and colleges do background checks, which could prevent your child from being accepted to the school of their choice if they have a theft record.
• Many employers do background checks on employees prior to hiring. Even though juvenile court records are sealed, a child’s behavior may limit what jobs will be available. 
• If convicted of shoplifting your child may have to pay fines, do community service, or be sentenced to a detention facility or juvenile hall.

Knowledge is the key to helping children withstand peer pressure and understand they will jeopardize their future if they shoplift. Teach your children the consequences of shoplifting. Help them to understand that a choice they make in an instant can have consequences that will last a lifetime.

Copyright 2009 ShopliftingIsStealing.com.  All Rights Reserved.

Bestselling author, Linda Castillo, released Gone Missing, her fourth crime fiction novel featuring formerly Amish woman, Kate Burkholder, on June 19. Castillo’s trademark talent is exposing the flaws of the often perceived, Simon-pure Amish community.

Kate, 33, is chief of police in the small town of Painters Mill, Ohio. Raised Amish, she left the order at eighteen to live as an Englischer. Fate produced a career in criminal justice, and a return to her hometown, despite being excommunicated from the church.

John Tomasetti, is an agent with the Ohio Bureau of Criminal Identification and Investigation in Cleveland. He asks Kate to consult on two cases involving missing Amish teenage girls, both from towns within a one hundred mile radius.

Kate seizes the opportunity to expand her professional comfort zone, ultimately anticipating the time she’ll spend with Tomasetti. The two have become part-time lovers; and as a reader, you wonder where their relationship is headed; “The long-distance aspect of our relationship has worked well for us. We’re too independent for anything too cozy. But I know that no matter how hard we try to keep things simple, relationships have a way of becoming complicated.”

The couple met a year-and-a-half ago while working on the Slaughterhouse Murders case, and each bares their own pain. Kate is haunted by the memory of being raped at 14: “I learned at a formative age that even on perfect, sunny days, bad things happen.” Tomasetti is scarred by the murder of his wife and two young daughters three years ago.

Are the Amish teen mysteries somehow connected? Could they be related to rumspringa?

Rumspringa is the time when Amish teens explore English ways of life and adults look the other way, before they join the church. It’s an exciting period of personal discovery and growth. Self-expression includes listening to music and dressing trendy. Some adolescents take it to the extreme, experimenting with alcohol, drugs, and sex. At least eighty percent of Amish teens return to the order and become baptized.

Kate’s fluency in Pennsylvania Dutch is an investigative asset when dealing with the Amish; and most are taken aback when she speaks in their tongue: “Guder mariye,” I say, bowing my head in respect as I bid them good morning.”

Consumed with the missing Amish teens investigation, Kate receives numerous calls from Painters Mill mayor, Augie Brock. His son Bradford, 17, was recently arrested for possession of weed, a meth pipe, and assaulting an officer. The mayor is determined to have Kate drop the charges, insisting Bradford will be ruined if convicted.

Castillo appeared at the Kent State University-Geauga County Campus June 25 during her Gone Missing book tour. She described traveling to Fredericktown, Ohio, her brother-in-law’s birthplace, in 2004. Already an accomplished romance writer, it was there she became inspired to juxtaposition the bucolic lifestyle of the Amish against brutal crime. Because, as she says, “Nobody’s perfect, not even the Amish.”

In Gone Missing, Castillo continues the series’ characters’ self-exploration and growth. If you’ve read Castillo’s previous books featuring Kate Burkholder, you’ve undoubtedly been waiting for her next adventure. If you’re new to Castillo’s narratives, dive in with Gone Missing. Three other entertaining, mysteries await your discovery.

For all things Amish, visit Amish America at: http://amishamerica.com/about.

On the arrival at a property where a death has occurred, especially after a vicious death, important tasks are performed by the policemen, firemen and CSI investigators. But as a general statute, these civil servants do not clean up the mess. It is the responsibility of the victim’s family to mop up after the violent death of their member. Until recent times, just a few companies offered this kind of service, so, most of the time, the family still ended up doing the work. This is a service that is expensive. Crime Scene clean up service begins at approximately $600 per hour. And, actually, most people are willing to pay more.

The clean-up of a natural death or a suicide is a part of the cleaning industry. This is called the CTS Decon or the Crime and Trauma Decontamination. This type of clean up involves the removal of dangerous objects. A dangerous crime could be one of brutal death that is biologically contaminated or a scene that contains chemical contamination. The cleanup team returns the scene to the state it was in before the incident happened.

Typically, a family does not move out of their house even if the death that occurred in their home was a violent one. It is the job of the scene cleaners to remove the signs of the incident. This removal includes any bio hazards which were the result of the crime. Federal regulations consider all bodily fluids as bio hazards. Bodily fluids also include the tissue or blood because they can be a source of infection.

A blood cleanup specialist must have special knowledge of bio hazardous materials in order to be able to handle them safely. Also, crime scene cleaners are knowledgeable on what to look for to clean in a death scene. This type of cleaning requires more than “just a good spring cleaning”. Permits are also needed for anyone who needs to move and dispose the bio hazardous wastes.

Most people who become cleaners typically come from the medical field. Because of their background in medicine, they are prepared to handle viewing a bloody scene. They could be nurses from an emergency rooms or an Emergency Medical Technician [EMT]. Construction workers are another group of workers who make good crime scene cleaners. They are able to remove walls and other structures. Because of the splatter of blood and tissue this is sometimes required in the clean up after a death. Other characteristics required in a strong crime scene cleaner are strong stomach, capacity to emotionally separate from his line of work and sympathetic nature.

Why a sympathetic nature? Because crime scene clean up is a lot different from cleaning up after a hazardous leak in a chemical plant. Many times, the family members of the deceased are still present while the clean-up is occurring. The cleaners must be able to complete their job while being sensitive to the state of the family who has experienced a loss. Therefore, crime scene cleaners must stomach a wide range of messy incidents which each have dangers of its own.

E-business security is not any detached process. It is an ongoing as well as comprehensive process of adding, removing and managing action layers that are based upon holistic risk management strategies. In military as well as other organizations, this concept is referred to as “defense in depth,” a popular mark that does not sufficiently capture the concept of a “from-the inside-out” cyber defense.

Nowadays the organizations are providing greater access to their systems to the normal people as well as the outer systems. So the danger is immense now. For getting safe from that danger, an organization needs to integrate a cyber defense system encompassing all the interconnectedness points from the inside out. In order to avoid escalating e-crime risks, the organizations need to avoid one dimensional, under informed behavior and rather develop a holistic strategy in case of cyber defense. There are some steps that are taken by the leading organizations. These are as follows:

1. Establish security policies that are focused, clear and integrated.

2. Alert the employees properly and provide them with technical training.

3. Hire capable as well as trained workers and support them in building and maintaining an integrated response to attacks.

4. Inspire awareness about the electronic risks and threats throughout the organization.

5. Pursue the e-crime perpetrators against the organization to the fullest extent of law.

Such a system offers a lot of benefits in deterring attacks and in diminishing the intrusion effects. If properly implemented as well as communicated, an enterprise wide cyber defense system can help an organization in case of preventing liability on behalf of the client management, avoiding regulatory action or potential lawsuits, recovering lost revenue, maintaining or restoring its reputation as well as integrity. Thus preparedness can become a strategic advantage in a business environment that is increasingly dependent on the security as well as reliability of the computer networks.

An ideal enterprise wide cyber defense includes integrated strategies which is established in the form of policies, procedures, philosophies, practices etc. and is implemented through defined action plans. These strategies should encompass legal, technical and business strategies. These strategies should be implemented in such a way that considers customers, employees, suppliers, third party relationships and other key stakeholders. Thus, instead of a “wrap around” capability which encompasses all the systems as well as processes, a strong cyber defense system is an integral part of those processes and systems.

When creating a cyber defense system, organization leaders should consider very carefully what they can lose.

Assets of new economy business encompass a wide variety of intangibles that can be removed very easily in a virtual setting. In order to understand the implications of potential losses and have the ability to defend against them, organization leaders need to learn how to define “assets” in the widest possible way. Once the organization knows what they need to protect, they need to develop a specific strategy to implement an enterprise wide defense program. Such a strategy should encompass response procedures as well as standards that are integrated into daily business.

Suppose a victim called police and notified that somebody committed a drive-by shooting on his house. Crime scene investigators (CSI’s) then show up to investigate the crime. One of the things they look at is the broken glass through which the bullet or bullets pass. Such evidence can tell a story to the technician with a keen eye for the details found in broken glass.

The manner in which glass breaks many times presents clues with regard to how it was broken. For instance, glass that was broken by a speeding baseball will have a different pattern of fracture than glass that was broken by a speeding bullet.

Particular break characteristics allow a forensic scientist to ascertain the direction from which the impact came. They include a special kind of stress-fracture lines called conchoidal lines. Conchoidal lines are lines that emanate from the site of impact. When viewing glass through its thickness, these lines curve out and away from the point of impact in a curve resembling a seashell curve.

If the investigator takes a closer look at the conchoidal lines, he can see tiny lines that radiate almost 90 degrees from the conchoidal lines. These fracture lines are known as hackle marks.

Cracks in windows and other flat plates of glass such as windshields tend to radiate and concentrate. When viewing the glass perpendicularly from the surface, one can see radial cracks that radiate outward from the impact point. Picture this like the spokes that radiate from the center of a wheel.

Again, when viewing the glass perpendicularly from the surface, one would also find cracks that concentrate around the impact point and are called concentric cracks. Concentric cracks are cracks that form progressively larger circles around the impact point. Picture this as a circle within a circle within a circle….all surrounding the impact point.

If a speeding bullet strikes a window and penetrates it but does not completely break it, the destruction may leave behind a hole accompanied or not accompanied by the aforementioned fracture lines.

On one side of the impact (the entrance side), the hole will be small and clean. On the other side of impact (the exit side), a small conical piece of glass would have been removed. CSI’s would normally view the glass from both sides to determine a bullet’s trajectory; i.e. whether the bullet was fired from the outside of the house in as in the case of a drive-by shooting or vice versa.

The next time you watch your favorite CSI or Forensic Files TV show, you will have a better understanding of how broken glass is studied in a crime lab in order to bring a perpetrator to justice.

A criminal defense attorney in California tackles on the subject of cyber crimes. What exactly are these? Can the law enforcement specialists find criminals on the internet? How can you develop a framework for your children to learn what cyber crimes are? The following information will help acquaint you with underhanded and unlawful online behavior. Online activities are simply as susceptible to crime and can endanger personal safety just as effectively as common daily crimes. Lawmakers, law enforcement, and individuals need to know how to defend themselves as well as the individuals for which they are responsible. You can see by the explanations of various cyber crimes below that the crimes have existed before computer systems and the internet were offered to the general public. The only difference involves the resources utilized to make the crime.

The term ‘cyber crime’ is really a wrongly used name. This term has nowhere been described in any law /Act passed or ratified by the Indian Parliament. The concept of cyber crime is not radically distinctive from the idea of standard crime. The two include conduct whether or not act or omission, which result in breach of rules of law and counterbalanced with the sanction of the state. Though cyber crimes is a new variety of crimes which came into being soon after the arrival of the computers and the scenario has become more worse with all the influence of the net in our day to day life. Numerous crimes which range from identity theft to extortion can be perpetrated by means of computer. For every single real-world crime, there is a cyber-based counterpart. Inside the cyber world, extortion lends itself well to those criminals who understand how to perpetrate destructive acts concerning computer systems.

Like conventional crime, cybercrime may take many shapes and may take place almost anytime or anyplace. Criminals carrying out cybercrime use numerous techniques, depending on their skill-set and their goal. This shouldn’t be unexpected: cybercrime is, of course, simply ‘crime’ with some type of ‘computer’ or ‘cyber’ aspect. Symantec draws from the many explanations of cybercrime and specifies it briefly as any crime which is committed using a computer or system, or hardware device. The computer or device may be the agent of the crime, the facilitator of the criminal offense, or the target of the crime. The crime may take place on the computer alone or in addition to other areas.

A criminal defense attorney in California states that together with the increasing use of computers, cyber crime is becoming more and more predominant in today’s world. Various types of Cyber crimes that can be found on the net would be the following. Junk e-mail, or the unwanted sending out of junk e-mails for business reasons, which is unlawful. Fresh anti-spam laws and regulations are being passed in various countries that may hopefully restrict the usage of unsolicited electronic communications. Harassment by computer is really a crime in several U.S. states. It’s unique from stalking in that stalking typically requires several contacts, whereas harassment by computer can be a solitary incident. It is also totally different from regular harassment, because the criminal offense typically includes a range of crimes that will not be considered harassment if carried out personally.